The TOP 10 BEST Rehabilitation-physiotherapy in Hinton NSW

East Maitland Physiotherapy is committed to providing patients with practical and hands-on treatments for a variety of physical conditions. We aim to get your body functioning at full capacity, whether you suffer from a chronic or acute condition, or you have suffered an injury. Our Maitland sports physiotherapists also aim to educate each patient on self-maintenance and exercise programs that can help you take control of your condition at home. If you are suffering with pain, tension or injury, call East Maitland Physiotherapy and make an appointment for a consultation.

Karen Young is a Maitland Physiotherapist, providing comprehensive physiotherapy services to treat orthopaedic, sports and muscular problems. Karen is part of the team at East Maitland Physiotherapy, providing individual treatment for patients of all ages. Using evidence-based therapy, Karen works to resolve or manage a wide variety of physical issues. This includes sports injuries, back pain, neck pain, knee pain or headaches. Karen works with each patient to create a personalised treatment program that suits your lifestyle and budget. To make an appointment for a consultation, phone East Maitland Physiotherapy today.

What is Pilates? More than just a great work out for the physical body! Pilates is a form of exercise developed in the 1920's to work the mind and muscle in harmony, and is great for those looking to achieve graceful movement, long lean muscles and a strong stream lined physique. Pilates is a common method of mind-body fitness and is gentle enough to be used by physiotherapists as a rehabilitation tool, right through to top level dancers and athletes for body conditioning. This form of exercise works to strengthen all of the muscles in the body, is low impact and is one of the most effective ways to change body shape, improve posture and tone up. Exercise regimes are challenging and can achieve fantastic results for any fitness level or any age. From those wishing to improve their strength, flexibility, and physical fitness, to those with injuries, or during pregnancy. In short this form of exercise is great for anyone.

Since opening in East Maitland in April 2016, The PhysioStudio has established itself as the premier provider of physiotherapy and rehabilitation services for the people Maitland and the surrounding areas. And now we've opened another clinic in the new Thornton Health Centre, we have more space and better facilities to better serve our local community. We don't shy away from being the best physiotherapy clinics in the Maitland region. We want to be the physio clinic that the best clients choose. And to do that we work hard to make sure we are the best physiotherapists offering the latest and greatest in modern physiotherapy, in the best facilities. Our PhysioStudio East Maitland clinic is conveniently located at 2 Verdant Drive, on the corner of Molly Morgan Drive, just 100 meters from the Greenhills shopping centre and the Maitland Private Hospital. Physiotudio Thornton is at 2/2 Poynton Place Thornton, inside the Thornton Health Centre, with plenty of parking and extended trading hours. We have dedicated casting, splinting and bracing capabilities to cater for referrals from the doctors and x ray clinics next door. We offer patients the best in evidence based, modern physiotherapy in our newly developed facility that includes a fully equipped rehabilitation gym and onsite parking at rear. Patients can expect to receive specific and individualised care from an expert. Our expert physiotherapists can deliver you the right care depending on your specific needs and goals. We have expertise in hands on treatment, exercises therapy, movement coaching and rehabilitation. We will spend the time with you giving you the attention you need and deserve. We won't leave you alone in a room with some bogus machine buzzing away.

From our beginning in 1971 as a Physiotherapy practice, Mitchell Physiotherapy has always endeavoured to provide the highest quality professional service in an environment where clients feel valued and understood. Since 2015 Mitchell Physiotherapy has been evolving to include more allied health services and hence changed its name to Mitchell Integrated Therapy. The same high quality of care across multiple Allied Health Disciplines. Our mission is to lead the way to improved quality of life, health and wellbeing by providing therapy that empowers, enables and resolves. Mitchell Integrated Therapy provides a large range of services to people from all walks of life and all levels of ability and has a selection of products available which clients can use to improve their recovery.

Welcome to Origin Muscle Clinic, located in Thornton. Our clinic, categorised under Doctors & Medical Centres, is your premier destination for all your muscle-related concerns. Our highly skilled team of medical professionals will provide you with top-quality care and expertise. From injury prevention to rehabilitation, we specialise in helping you achieve optimal muscle health. Visit us today and let us guide you on your journey to a stronger, healthier you.

Established in 1998, Rehab Management (Aust) Pty Ltd stands as an award-winning, nationally accredited leader in Occupational Rehabilitation and corporate health services. Our renowned team offers a comprehensive range of tailored services to individuals facing injury, illness, or disability, as well as integrated rehabilitation and workplace health solutions. From occupational rehabilitation to injury prevention, our focus encompasses career transitioning, ergonomics, manual handling, and psychological as well as physical health and wellbeing. Experience transformative care with us in Maitland.

Established in 1998, Rehab Management Maitland is an award-winning, nationally accredited occupational rehabilitation and corporate health services provider. Our diverse team offers tailored services to individuals with injury, illness, or disability, as well as integrated rehabilitation and workplace health solutions. With expertise in areas such as return-to-work, injury prevention, ergonomics, and psychological and physical health, we pride ourselves on delivering personalised and holistic care. Trust us to support your journey towards improved wellbeing and sustainable employment.

ORS has been in the business of making a difference to people with disability and injuries for 30 years! ORS provides a range of allied health and workplace rehabilitation services across key industries such as the NDIS, Workers Compensation, Health, Injury Prevention and Aged Care. Our service delivery is underpinned by clinically informed, evidence based and person-centered practices which empower others to reach their potential and achieve their goals.

Welcome to AMC Exercise Physiology! At AMC Exercise Physiology, we believe in the power of movement to heal and transform lives. Our dedicated team is committed to working alongside our patients, guiding them to recovery and rehabilitation through tailored exercise programs and comprehensive education. Led by Adrian, a seasoned professional in the allied health industry, AMC Exercise Physiology offers a holistic approach to health and wellness. With years of experience and a passion for helping others, Adrian founded AMC Exercise Physiology to provide a safe and supportive environment for patients to thrive. Whether you're recovering from injury or illness, managing chronic conditions, or simply looking to improve your physical function, AMC Exercise Physiology is here to support you every step of the way. Our personalised treatment plans are designed to meet your unique needs, empowering you to regain control of your health and well-being. Explore our website to learn more about our services, meet our team, and discover how we can help you achieve your goals. Get ready to embark on a journey towards a healthier, happier you with AMC Exercise Physiology!

As animal lovers, we treat our beloved pets like family. We give them all the love and care they need. We give them comfortable beds and healthy food to keep them happy. Most especially, we keep our beloved pets in good health. At Raymond Terrace Veterinary Clinic, we prioritise the health of your beloved pets. We are licensed general veterinary practitioners specialising in providing a full range of vet services. From injuries to general check ups, our Port Stephens veterinarians provide a range of services including vaccinations, micro-chipping, de-sexing, dental care, radiology services and orthopaedic surgery. Our premises is a class-A clinic complete with rooms and equipment such as x-ray, digital developers and dental machines that are customised to make your pets comfortable and at ease whenever you bring them in. Raymond Terrace Veterinary Clinic is also home to rescued wildlife in need of care and rehabilitation. You can rely on us to look after your pets. We've been doing it for more than 40 years! For excellence in pet care in Port Stephens, give Raymond Terrace Veterinary Clinic a call or visit us today.

Peak Physio, operating as Rutherford Physiotherapy, is a renowned provider of physiotherapy services in Rutherford. With a rich history of aiding over 10,000 clients, their expertise lies in offering holistic rehabilitation solutions to the community. Skilled in the art of restoring physical well-being, their team of dedicated physiotherapists utilise a wide range of techniques to address each client's unique needs. From injury recovery to enhancing mobility, Peak Physio is trusted to deliver exceptional care and facilitate a speedy return to optimal health.

Better Choices Naturally, located in Heddon Greta, offers a diverse range of beauty treatments, physiotherapy services, natural therapies, aromatherapy products, and vitamins. Our team of skilled professionals prioritises the use of natural techniques and remedies, ensuring a holistic approach to beauty and wellness. From soothing massages to rejuvenating facials, we cater to diverse needs. Discover the transformative power of our natural treatments, promoting a healthier mind, body, and spirit. Trust Better Choices Naturally for your ultimate well-being journey.

The Native Animal Trust Fund Inc. Wildlife Rescue Service is a non-profit incorporated association, licenced by the NSW Department of Conservation and Climate Change to RESCUE, REHABILITATE and RELEASE all injured, sick, orphaned and distressed native fauna other than marine mammals in the Hunter Region, NSW. All native fauna in NSW is protected under the NSW DECC act and an authority must be obtained to hold these animals. The NATF Wildlife Rescue Service was the first volunteer wildlife rescue group to operate in NSW and was licensed in 1978. It operates throughout the Newcastle, Lake Macquarie, Cessnock, Maitland and Port Stephens local government areas. The main objective of the Native Animal Trust Fund Inc. is to return all native fauna back to its wildlife habitat when fit to fend for itself. All members are volunteers. Due to the broad area covered, both geographically and in general responsibility, we are always eager for new members to join. We are looking for people who feel the same way to become members, rescuers and foster carers. Rescue, Rehabilitation, Release, Disaster Relief

Glenn Aveling is a physiotherapist at Kurri Physiotherapy in Kurri Kurri. Glenn consults with and treats patients with a wide range of concerns, including neck and back pain, posture-related concerns and sports injuries. If you are suffering limited mobility or pain, an appointment with Glenn can help you on the road to better physical health. Each patient is individually assessed and provided with treatment information and options based on their needs. Glenn works with patients to manage chronic conditions as well, such as headaches and migraines. If you are seeking an understanding physiotherapist in Kurri Kurri, arrange an appointment with Glenn today.

Newcastle and District Nursing Service was established by Sr. Jan Stevens who saw the need for a service to compliment the overextended health system at the time. From its inception Newcastle and District Nursing Service set down and followed a high standard philosophy and code of conduct. Mission: We provide optimal holistic care and services using dedicated trained staff responding to the needs of an ageing population Values. We Aim High We do this by not settling for second best, thinking outside the square, taking the initiative, acting with integrity and never giving up. We Are Creative To do this we question existing practices, search for new ways, encourage new ideas and encourage individual personal development We Work As A Team To do this we speak positively of others, listen carefully to what they say, work together to overcome problems, speak to resolve differences and enjoy our successes together. Programme: DVA Community Nursing What is Department of Veterans' Affairs (DVA) funded Community Nursing? DVA Community Nursing is the provision of clinically necessary nursing and personal care services to war veterans and war widows or widowers delivered in their home. DVA Community Nursing helps to restore or maintain a person's maximum level of health and independence. Who is eligible and how can I refer? Veterans and war widows or widowers with a Gold Card are eligible for DVA Community Nursing. Veteran White Card holders may also be eligible for this service where the condition requiring nursing is accepted by DVA as war related. To receive DVA Community Nursing, the veteran, war widow or widower must receive a referral from their Doctor or the Hospital Discharge Planner. How do I access DVA Community Nursing provided by NDNS? Following a referral from a Doctor or Hospital Discharge Planner, NDNS will arrange a convenient time to complete a comprehensive assessment by a Registered Nurse. What DVA Community Nursing services do we provide? DVA Community Nursing services offered will depend on the client's assessed clinical care needs. NDNS delivers a range of community nursing services that are flexible and designed to help with individual care needs. The types of DVA Community Nursing services that may be provided include: Case Management Personal Care Wound Care Incontinence management Medication management Rehabilitation Palliative care and pain management What level of assistance is available? The duration and frequency of visitations provided to a Veteran for community nursing and personal care by NDNS will depend upon the client's assessed clinical need. Is there a cost? DVA Community Nursing is funded by the Australian Government through the Department of Veterans Affairs. There is no cost to program recipients. Where can I get more information? Department of Veterans Affairs website www.dva.gov.au or by telephone on 133 254 If you would like to discuss any further information please contact NDNS on 49538 444 Programme: DVA Veterans Homecare What is Veterans' Home Care? Veterans' Home Care (VHC) is designed to assist veterans, war widows and widowers with low level care needs to remain in their own homes for longer and avoid premature admission to residential care. The VHC program is part of the DVA plan to ensure veterans and war widow/widowers maintain optimal health, wellbeing and independence. What services are available under the program? VHC provides a range of home care services designed to meet your needs including: Domestic Assistance: assistance with domestic tasks such as household cleaning, dishwashing, clothes washing and ironing, shopping for the veteran and bill paying. Personal Care: includes assistance with daily self-care tasks, such as eating, bathing, toileting, dressing, grooming, getting in and out of bed and moving about the house. Safety-related home and garden maintenance: may include tasks such as replacing light bulbs and tap washers or other tasks that you and the service provider agree upon. The focus of home and garden maintenance services is to assist in keeping the home safe and habitable by minimising environmental health and safety hazards that may impact on you in and around your home. Home and garden maintenance does not include major home repairs such as gutter replacement, landscaping and garden tasks such as branch lopping, tree felling or tree removal. Respite Care: providing temporary relief for a carer who has the responsibility for a veteran or war widow/widower requiring ongoing care, attention and support. It is defined as an alternative form of care that enables the carer to have a break. Social Support: Social support can involve a numbers of tasks, it can include assisting clients in social activities, attending recreational activities and reminder calls. Who is eligible to be assessed to receive services? To be assessed for Veterans' Home Care services you must be: an Australian veteran or mariner; or a widow or widower of an Australian veteran or mariner; and have: a Repatriation Health Card�for All Conditions (Gold Card) or a Repatriation Health Card�for Specific Conditions (White Card). Access to services To arrange an assessment for services, call the Veterans' Home Care assessment agency on 1300 55 0450. Please only call this number for assessment information. Is there a cost? VHC services are subsided by the Australian Government through the Department of Veterans Affairs. There is a fee co-payment required to be paid by the program recipient. This will be determined by the VHC assessment agency. If you would like to discuss any further information please contact NDNS on 49538 444 In Home Nursing Services in the Newcastle and Lake Macquarie Region Nursing services refer to professional nursing care provided by a registered or enrolled nurse who is employed in a nursing capacity Who can refer? Referrals may be made from any source (i.e. self referral, family members, carers, ACAT, General Practitioner, Hospital Discharge Planner, agencies). How do I access the service? You can access the service by contacting My Aged Care for clients over 65 years - 1800 200 422 or if you are a client under 65 years you can contact CHSP on 1300 205 268. An assessment will be completed to determine eligibility and appropriateness of the service. What clinical nursing services do we provide? NDNS provides a range of nursing activities delivered by a Registered Nurse or an Enrolled Nurse. Based on your assessed clinical needs, nursing activities offered may include: Teaching individuals and carers how best to manage their daily care in the home environment Providing information on general health care and other community support services available and giving advice on the management of particular health problems such as diabetes and incontinence Clinical assessment Direct clinical nursing care based on the nurse's level of qualifications and registration Personal care for clients where service provision by a nurse is required due to particular health conditions, unstable health and/or complex needs Supervising and training personal care workers who provide direct care Providing health information and education Co-ordinating home health care services and monitoring an individual's health status and/or care plan Who is eligible for assistance? The target group is frail older people, people with a disability and their carers living in the Newcastle and Lake Macquarie region What level of assistance is available? The amount of assistance offered to a potential client depends on their assessed individual needs. What are the costs? An affordable fee for service applies. We will discuss fees with you and your family or representative. People who feel financially disadvantaged are not excluded from receiving services and should discuss this matter with a coordinator. How do we meet our client's special needs? NDNS services are planned to meet the individual needs of clients. Care plans are developed with consideration for a client's specific language, cultural and religious requirements. Is there after hours support? Yes. A support person will be on call 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Can I have an advocate? An advocate of your choice is welcome during the assessment. If you require on advocate, we can recommend an advocacy service or will contact the advocate/advocacy service of your choice. Programme: National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) Offering choice, independence and inclusion for people with disabilities. Who can refer? Participants of the NDIS or their family members, as well as the participants coordinators. How do I access the service? You can access the service by calling us - Newcastle Disability Network Solutions on 02 4953 8444. What supports do we provide? Daily living activities - including personal care and community participation Domestic and household activities Assessment and supports by a Registered Nurse Support coordination Who is eligible for assistance? Participants of the NDIS. What level of assistance is available? The amount of assistance offered to a potential client depends on the plan and supports funded by the NDIS. How do we meet our client's special needs? NDNS services are planned to meet the individual needs of clients. Care plans are developed with consideration for a client's specific language, cultural and religious requirements. Is there after hours support? Yes. A support person will be on call 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Can I have an advocate? An advocate of your choice is welcome during the assessment. If you require on advocate, we can recommend an advocacy service or will contact the advocate/advocacy service of your choice.

Medowie Physiotherapy & Sports Injuries Centre in Medowie have been offering comprehensive physiotherapy services in Port Stephens for the whole family since 2002. Our physiotherapists are able to administer treatments and pain relief services for a range of injuries. We are committed to helping you feel better again. Knee braces, ice packs and dynamic tape is provided at our Port Stephen physiotherapy centre. Services include treatments for back and neck pain, sports injuries, joint pain, soft-tissue injuries and headaches. Post-surgical treatments and core stability training is also available. If you are suffering from a chronic disease or lymphoedema, our physiotherapists will be able to help manage your pain and discomfort. If you require physiotherapy or back pain treatments in Medowie our physiotherapists can provide personalised, one-on-one care and treatment plans to help get you moving again. Contact the friendly staff at Medowie Physiotherapy Centre today so we can help alleviate your pain and discomfort. Home visitations are available upon request.

Go Physio! Medowie, is a Port Stephens physiotherapy massage and fitness clinic that aids its clients to better health. Our Medowie physiotherapist offers a comprehensive range of services including fitness classes, Pilates and personal training. We also offer sports and remedial massage onsite, or mobile with our home visit service. Our physiotherapist will provide a thorough assessment and consultation to identify the most appropriate treatments to help you reduce pain and improve physical health. Clients can benefit from remedial or sports massages, with the assistance of attending fitness classes or pilates. If you are looking to get those nasty niggles sorted, then enquire about our personalised services that focus on helping you obtain a good level of health and fitness. Give our Port Stephens physiotherapy clinic a call today, and let one of our friendly staff members point you in the right direction to better health.

HelpStreet Health Centre provides high quality, affordable health care services for everyone. Our professional staff offer the following services: - Physiotherapy - Podiatry - Speech Therapy - Dietetics - Exercise Classes We welcome private patients, DVA patients, Workcover patients and CDM (EPC) patients. We have on-the spot claiming and HICAPS facilities available. We look forward to providing you with all of your allied health care services.

The team at Noah's Ark are dedicated to caring for your pets like they are our own. We understand the bond between owners and their pets and aspire to provide the highest standard of veterinary care. As well as providing traditional veterinary care Noah's Ark has developed an integrative approach to health and wellness with the introduction of Chiropractic, Acupuncture, Massage, Canine Sports Medicine and an extensive Rehabilitation program. We have invested in state of the art diagnostic and surgical equipment so we can deliver fast accurate results when you need them. Our dedicated team come together to put our patients first. Get in contact with us today!

At Newcastle Aquatic Physiotherapy, we understand how pain can prevent you from performing at your best and also negatively effect your time. Because of this, our comprehensive range of hydrotherapy, sport injury treatment, exercise and rehabilitation services combine the best physical treatment with practical education and advice to ensure long lasting well-being. Our Newcastle physiotherapy company has been proudly servicing the communities of Jesmond, Newcastle and Lake Macquarie since 1994 and we are committed to staying up to date with industry trends to provide the best possible care for our patients. Whether you have suffered from a stroke, you are in a post-surgical phase or you have joint replacements, the team at Newcastle Aquatic Physiotherapy can administer first rate care personalised to your specific requirements. We are registered with fitness Australia and have a fully accredited rehabilitation gym where our Newcastle physiotherapists will provide you with the optimum exercises for your condition. We are happy to administer manual therapy as well as services from those who are suffering from multi-trauma. At Newcastle Aquatic Physiotherapy, we can prescribe effective orthotic remedies to help control or guide the areas that are preventing full body mobility. In addition to our hydrotherapy and musculoskeletal treatment services, we also can provide care for an assortment of neurological conditions. We also offer Tai-Chi classes that are fun and therapeutic as well. For a comprehensive rehabilitation service, be sure to call or visit Newcastle Aquatic Physiotherapy today. Your body will thank you for it later.

Workplace Physiotherapy is part of NSW's premier multidisciplinary injury and pain management centre. Get the quality help you deserve with treatment from our professional physiotherapists. We offer injury management with periodic screening assessments to check the progress of your recovery. We can assess your ability to get moving again and give you an estimated time frame for recovery. We are centrally located to the population of Newcastle, Central Coast, the Hunter, North Coast and New England Regions with our head office in Newcastle and satellite services provided throughout the regions.

Advanced Personnel Management (APM) provides workplace rehabilitation, consultancy, employment services and psychological services to both the public and private sectors.

Is back pain letting you down? Don't let it cripple you. At our physiotherapy clinic we can help with potential solutions for pain relief. Our professional team is ready to help you on the path to relief. We are experts in painful limbs and movement of your joints. Don't let you knees stop you from doing what you love; we can help with some exercises to increase movement in your legs. Don't struggle with pain anymore. Come in and see us at The Physio Joint in Mayfield! Call for a booking in advance.

Kids Physio Newcastle offers comprehensive home based physiotherapy assessments for children (0-18 years). Development of home/school based exercise programs and aquatic programs encouraging the child to achieve their goals and maximise their ability to participate in play, school and home activities. Education for carers/parents to help them understand the child's movement challenges and teach them the skills needed to further develop their movement abilities. Prescription/review of orthotics and equipment. Kids Physio Newcastle is a Better Start service provider and a registered provider with Disability Care Australia under the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS). Appointments are available on weekends and at various times through the week.

If you suffer from ongoing pain, or have been injured, speak to the team at Macquarie Physiotherapy about receiving help with our injury and pain management services. Our friendly staff are APA accredited and offer rehabilitation and pain management services from three locations throughout Newcastle, including Belmont, Gateshead, and Glendale. At Macquarie Physiotherapy, we provide treatment through sports injury therapy, orthotics, Pilates, massage as well as neck and back pain, muscle and joint sprains. At Macquarie Physiotherapy, we have established relationships with local orthopaedic and neurological surgeons to help assure the availability of prompt, co-ordinated treatment and specialist referral as required. If you're looking for a physiotherapist in Gateshead, Belmont, or Glendale contact Macquarie Physiotherapty today.

Edgeworth Physiotherapy is a well established part of the local community, trading since 2010. We are a family-oriented small business that has grown and developed with the local area. Our staff are welcoming and care about your individual needs. We pride ourselves on really listening to your story and working with you to develop a treatment plan to suit the individual. Our physios and massage therapists are all registered and highly qualified. We are committed to ongoing learning, with regular courses and in-services to help keep ourselves up to speed with new and best practice treatment options. Edgeworth Physiotherapy moved locations in 2019 and is now located in Superior Avenue. The building is brand new, with a light and airy waiting room, larger exercise space with a variety of equipment, 11 treatment beds and two private massage rooms. Book a visit to us to help with pain, injury, Women's Health, dance injuries, sports injuries, or for a massage. We love a challenge, so if you aren't sure if we can help- give us a try!

Have you suffered from a hand injury or accident? Don't suffer any longer. The Hand Surgery centre can help with physiotherapy treatments and rehabilitation. We specialise in hand and microsurgery including trauma, arthritis and workers compensation injuries. Get your hands and wrists moving again. We offer a variety of treatments for individual hand problems. We provide microsurgery procedures and recover procedures. We care for hands and wrists with rehabilitation by qualified physiotherapists. Call today, we can also help with workers compensation claims.

Get back into action with physiotherapy treatment from Grandstand Sports Injury Clinic. Our team offers quality physiotherapy services for locals across the Newcastle region. Our physiotherapists are qualified to deal with reoccurring pain problems and sports injuries. We offer quality remedial massages to release the tension and stress built up in your back and upper abdomen. We can also provide acupuncture services along with podiatry and medical advice. Don't put up with pain any longer with have chiropractors and physiotherapists ready to help. Call today to book in an appointment.

Explore the benefits of physiotherapy and unlock the potential of your body to move the way you desire. Our experienced team of physiotherapists can help you improve your range of motion, flexibility, and strength. Start your journey towards optimal physical health and wellbeing. Whatever your favourite way to move is: physical activity, exercise, sport, walking or running; Transcend Health’s exercise physiotherapist will help you move more easily and comfortable do the things you love longer.

Workplace Physiotherapy is part of NSW's premier multidisciplinary injury and pain management centre. Get the quality help you deserve with treatment from our professional physiotherapists. We offer injury management with periodic screening assessments to check the progress of your recovery. We can assess your ability to get moving again and give you an estimated time frame for recovery. We are centrally located to the population of Newcastle, Central Coast, the Hunter, North Coast and New England Regions with our head office in Newcastle and satellite services provided throughout the regions.