{"ReviewAsset:ckk7lp18z000908l3av3gdnrx":{"id":"ckk7lp18z000908l3av3gdnrx","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckk7lp17u000708l3133cc49k","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckk7lnuyf000a07md3gw8ceys/ckk7lnuyf000b07md4nrug8f9","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Tracey Clay ","message":"Highly recommend this business. They installed a secondary treatment system for us in January 2021. Always returned answers to all emails promptly, were helpful and professional during the whole process."}},"ROOT_QUERY":{"__typename":"Query","reviewAssets({\"first\":50,\"listingId\":\"4877184\",\"reviewState\":\"approved\"})":{"__typename":"ReviewAssetConnection","edges":[{"__typename":"ReviewAssetEdge","node":{"__ref":"ReviewAsset:ckk7lp18z000908l3av3gdnrx"}}]},"reviewAssets({\"first\":50,\"listingId\":\"4582449\",\"reviewState\":\"approved\"})":{"__typename":"ReviewAssetConnection","edges":[]},"reviewAssets({\"first\":50,\"listingId\":\"5449774\",\"reviewState\":\"approved\"})":{"__typename":"ReviewAssetConnection","edges":[]},"reviewAssets({\"first\":50,\"listingId\":\"8385468\",\"reviewState\":\"approved\"})":{"__typename":"ReviewAssetConnection","edges":[]},"reviewAssets({\"first\":50,\"listingId\":\"5138211\",\"reviewState\":\"approved\"})":{"__typename":"ReviewAssetConnection","edges":[]},"reviewAssets({\"first\":50,\"listingId\":\"6188721\",\"reviewState\":\"approved\"})":{"__typename":"ReviewAssetConnection","edges":[]},"reviewAssets({\"first\":50,\"listingId\":\"8973829\",\"reviewState\":\"approved\"})":{"__typename":"ReviewAssetConnection","edges":[]},"reviewAssets({\"first\":50,\"listingId\":\"10015034\",\"reviewState\":\"approved\"})":{"__typename":"ReviewAssetConnection","edges":[]},"reviewAssets({\"first\":50,\"listingId\":\"4791106\",\"reviewState\":\"approved\"})":{"__typename":"ReviewAssetConnection","edges":[]},"localsearchCMSArticle({\"articleTitle\":\"how-to-use-plumbers-tape\",\"categoryName\":\"plumbers\",\"size\":1})":{"__typename":"ArticleConnection","results":[{"__typename":"ArticleEdge","article":{"__typename":"Article","articleTitle":"How to Use Plumbers Tape","articleBlurb":"Plumbers tape, otherwise known as Teflon tape, is a thin white tape used to ensure a watertight seal on threaded connections. ","articleId":"2EB49918-ECCB-EF40-A903-A06022DCAF8D","primaryCategoryId":"889","isQuotableCategory":true,"primaryCategoryName":"Plumbers","featureImageUrl":"https://www.localsearch.com.au/resources/articles/plumbers/various-plumbing-fixtures.jpg","urlSlug":"/guides/plumbers/how-to-use-plumbers-tape","sectionArray":[{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"","text":"This tape can be wrapped around male threads on any faucet you are planning on connecting with PVC pipe. When the two are then mated together, the plumber's tape will provide an air tight seal that will prevent leaks. Threading PVC into metal can be frustrating if you do not have this amazing little item!\r\rBy wrapping plumbers tape in a clockwise direction around each of your fittings and then threading them together using the \"Righty Tighty Lefty Loosey \" method you'll create your very own custom plumbing system without worries of leakage. Once you have wrapped your various fittings with plumbers tape, simply screw the fittings together.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"How does plumber's tape work?","text":"Plumber's tape, also known as Teflon tape or PTFE tape is a thin white fabric that has been coated both sides with PTFE resin. The coating of this tape provides a slippery surface on the outer layer and creates a forcefield around metal threads that causes the inserted material to be torqued rather than twisted.\r\rSo, if you wrap your threaded connections with plumber's tape in a clockwise direction before mating them together, the Teflon fabric will make it almost impossible for them to leak after you to tighten everything down. In theory, anyway. A lot of times it takes some practice and a few broken fittings before you learn just how much pressure is required to achieve a proper seal without stripping everything out. The plumber's tape can also create such as airtight seal on your threads that over-tightening them will cause them to bulge or even break on more delicate faucets and valves. It is a handy product to use that can easily solve water flow issues.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Is PTFE tape and plumber's tape the same?","text":"Not exactly. Although they may share some similar properties, PTFE tape is an entirely different product that is commonly used on threaded connections for very specific piping applications that require the use of threaded fittings on either end of a run. Plumber's tape, on the other hand, has become its own unique construction material in both the plumbing and HVAC industry.\r\rPlumber's tape is commonly used on the threaded connection of any faucet or valve that is designed for use on either copper or CPVC piping. Plumber's tape is also used to wrap the threads of any valves, water heaters, washing machines and dishwashers that are compatible with PEX tubing.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What is plumber's tape made from?","text":"Plumber's tape is made from a pliable, thin and durable fabric that has been coated with a slippery Teflon resin on both sides of the cloth. This coating provides a degree of resistance against the \"pull\" caused by being threaded into any connection while also allowing it to slide along itself without binding up or causing damage.\r\rAlthough some people will apply two layers onto their pipe threads, you can use just one layer if you have already wrapped your entire plumbing system in Teflon thread seal tape.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"How many times should you wrap plumber's tape?","text":"It's usually best to wrap the tape around the male threads of your fittings at least three times. This will ensure that you get a seal on most common water pressure levels while also reducing the possibility of solder leaking out of the joint if you're connecting two sections of piping together with PEX tubing.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Can plumber's tape fail?","text":"Yes, plumber's tape can fail under certain conditions. If you are using it in an environment where there is too much heat or cold, either extreme can cause it to become brittle and crack causing leaks along any threaded connection you have applied it to. Plumbers tape also has a tendency to age over time which can cause it to become brittle and crack. \r\rPlumber's tape is designed to be used with metal threaded connections such as those found in most faucets and valves that are composed of brass, copper or galvanised steel. It could provide an easy fix for water pressure issues caused by a leak. You should never wrap plumbers tape around the threads of any fittings that are made from plastic because when they get hot enough, the tape will melt and cause you to end up with a big mess on your hands!\r","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What do I need to know before wrapping my pipes in tape?","text":"If you want the best results possible when using plumbers tape on your next plumbing project, here are a few things you'll need to keep in mind:\r\rOnly wrap the male threads; Never wrap over PTFE thread seal tape. When you are done wrapping the threads, give them a tug to make sure they aren't loose.\r\rPlumbers tape can be difficult to remove once it has been applied because it doesn't stretch or provide any \"give\" when being pulled off over large pipe diameters. If you're not careful when removing plumbers tape from larger female fittings such as water heater connectors or washing machine inlets, you could end up over-stretching the tape and damaging it.\r\rPlumbers tape comes in various widths; Choose a size that will appropriately fit your application. To ensure a tight seal, try wrapping the thread once across the full diameter of the fitting. Then, wrap back over itself by 1/4 to 1/2 an inch at a time until you have wrapped three times along each joint.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"How do I get plumber's tape off?","text":"If you do happen to get plumber's tape stuck on any threaded connection such as a female adapter or spigot flange, don't just grab your trusty can of WD-40 or white vinegar and pour it over the entire surface hoping to dissolve the tape. Instead, wrap a rag around the fitting and try to break it free by pulling backwards with your hands.\r\rIf that fails, you will need to grab some fine sandpaper and begin lightly working away at the surface of the tape until you can peel it off in sections without damaging either threading or the female adapter itself.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Is plumber's tape waterproof?","text":"Most types of plumbers tape are not waterproof; However, the Teflon variant is able to provide a degree of water resistance because it creates a secondary seal by coating both surfaces that has been wrapped.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Is plumber's tape reusable?","text":"Plumber's tape can only be reused if you did not over-stretch it when wrapping your plumbing system and no damage was done to either side of the connection where it was applied. If everything checks out, you should be able to pull the tape gently from one side using an adjustable wrench or pair of channel lock pliers while holding onto the fitting itself using a rag.\r\rOnce you have removed the majority of the tape, use fine sand paper to buff away any rough areas left behind before wrapping a new piece of tape for a water tight seal. If you are about to commence residential or commercial plumbing work, best check if there are any compliance measures you need to adhere to, such as the ones laid out by the City of Gold Coast for example. 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is Etching Concrete? ","articleBlurb":"There are several different products that can be used for concrete etching depending on the look you want.","articleId":"D8070194-1D58-F944-9BC1-9FDDF89868FE","primaryCategoryId":"111","isQuotableCategory":true,"primaryCategoryName":"Concrete Products","featureImageUrl":"https://www.localsearch.com.au/resources/articles/concreting/footpath-cement-pour.jpg","urlSlug":"/guides/concrete-products/what-is-etching-concrete","sectionArray":[{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"","text":"Etching is a chemical reaction. Acid etching means using acid as the main ingredient. It etches the top surface of your concrete porch causing it to develop a pitted look. Aluminium oxide is an acidic compound that reacts with water to form hydrogen and aluminium hydroxide. These compounds are responsible for chemically eating away at surfaces they come in contact with. Concrete has a high level of alkalinity so when it is exposed to airborne acids, such as aluminium oxide powder, it becomes progressively weakened until it begins deteriorating or eroding. \r\rAluminium oxide can be mixed with sand and used as sandblasting abrasive material by hanging sandpaper on the end of any regular garden hose and attaching this sandblasting tool to most household or industrial pressure washers. The high-pressure water that shoots out of the hose attaches to the sand grains causing them to cut into the concrete floors they are directed at. This process is a lot more effective than using a pressure washer alone.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"How do I keep etching from occurring? ","text":"There are 2 ways in which you can prevent etching from happening: add inhibitors to your concrete mix when it's being poured or add what is called \"reactive silica\" for exterior applications after its been poured and has set. Reactive silica is a sand additive that has a high absorptive capacity for acidic compounds. It works by releasing acidic ions into the concrete structure and then capturing them to prevent damage from occurring. If you have just had your concrete porch poured or if it's been a while since being poured, adding reactive silica can add protection against etching.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What is the purpose of etching concrete? ","text":"There are instances where etching is warranted. For example, do it for concrete preparation before you apply an anti-skid coating when you don't want to make it too slippery for pedestrians or garage floors. You can use other mechanical means to achieve the same result. But, applying a light abrasive coating works well. Another purpose of acid-etched concrete would be for decorative applications such as epoxy coating or artistic designs that need texture or patterning across the surface of your slab. For epoxy resin to bond well with concrete, etching is your answer.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What can I use to etch concrete?","text":"There are several different products that can be used for concrete etching depending on the look you want. Here's a list of common chemicals and their pros and cons:\r\rMuriatic Acid is what our grandparents would have been using as it works by converting calcium hydroxide into calcium chloride molecules which then break up into microscopic particles. If you've ever seen what rainwater does to a dirt or gravel road then you will know that as those fine particles collect together, cracks begin to develop throughout the whole structure, eventually leading to all other surfaces crumbling away. This is why an acid-based etching solution should never be applied over other coatings or sealers, especially not something like an acrylic concrete sealer.\r\rHydrochloric Acid is another common solution used but it has its disadvantages too. It erodes concrete surfaces by converting the calcium hydroxide into calcium chloride molecules which then travel throughout the structure of your concrete, causing cracks to develop and leading to disintegration of all other surfaces. \r\rYou can also use a buffer solution of phosphoric acid etching. Other acids can also be used if they are suitable. \r\rMuriatic Acid can be found at most hardware or home improvement stores while Hydrochloric acid is typically only available from industrial chemical supply outlets. ","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Is etching concrete necessary?","text":"The short answer is yes. Etching concrete is always your best bet if you need a smooth surface for applying an anti-skid coating or any decorative, artistic or texture patterning on top of the concrete. An example is when you want stained concrete. Also, etched concrete bonds well with paint. It works by creating microscopic particles that will adhere properly onto anything they come in contact with allowing for things like traction to be applied to a concrete floor without creating slippery surfaces. If you want to etch over pre-existing coatings, make sure the coating isn't acrylic as it won't hold up very well under repeated application of acids. \r\rSo there you have it! if you're looking for a polished finished look on your new concrete surface, etching is something that needs to be done every once in a while. Just remember not to apply acid-based etches over other coatings or sealers as they tend to hold up better.\r\rAlthough etching is necessary to ensure smooth surfaces for certain applications, there are alternatives that can be used if acid-based compounds aren't what you're looking for. You can apply shot blasting or diamond grinding. Use a concrete polishing kit that uses sanding down equipment and diamond pads to create matte finishes with plenty of traction at the same time. This method is much safer than doing it yourself with chemicals because you won't have any harsh chemical reaction occurring beneath your current surface which may cause damage or prevent future applications from sticking properly. ","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Does vinegar etch concrete?","text":"Not really. If you're looking for a safe alternative, vinegar should not be used for acid etching concrete as it will damage the surface of your concrete and will require a thorough cleaning afterwards. When applying acids like vinegar, make sure you've other surfaces like stone or acrylic that can withstand this type of application. ","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"How to etch concrete with muriatic acid","text":"Muriatic acid can be purchased at any hardware or home improvement store. You need to make sure you take appropriate safety precautions. Get the appropriate protective gear including rubber gloves, safety glasses and an air mask as you acid etch concrete. Muriatic acid is an extremely caustic substance. Avoid getting the acid fumes into your eyes or inhaling it. The acid can also cause chemical burns. Its application can be a labour-intensive exercise.\r\rYou need to pour water on the concrete before etching. The reason for this is that it will start producing hot vapours that can cause burning to surfaces around it if not properly managed. The water acts as a neutralizing solution. Doing so opens the pores of the concrete in preparation for acid washing. Hence, you get a uniform result. Also, remember to let the concrete dry before you begin applying anything. So, soak up excess wetness with a damp cloth or paper towel. Be careful not to slop anything dirtying the concrete surface itself. \r\rFor the next treatment, add acid to water in a plastic container to make a diluted solution. The acid will corrode and destroy a metal container. Mix one part muriatic acid into 3 parts of clean water. For an appropriate mixing ratio, use technical datasheets. But, make sure you check the acidity of your acid solution with a ph level indicator. It should register around 7 before it is safe to use on your surface, but feel free to experiment with different ratios until you find what works best for your specific application.\r\rApply the acid solution onto the surface of the concrete using a rag or sponge mop. Evenly distribute it to avoid uneven areas. Also, make sure that it doesn't produce puddles of liquid. You may need to re-etch smooth concrete to get a proper surface profile. Let the muriatic acid sit for 5-10 minutes until its bubbling has stopped. Then, neutralize it using rinse water in a watering can. Carry out this final rinse and scrub off any excess liquid from the etching process with a broom. You can also add baking soda to acid wash. Doing this removes any calcium carbonate formed. Then, carry out a ph test and let it dry completely for at least 8 hours.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"How long does concrete need to dry after etching?","text":"After you've applied muriatic acid onto your surface, it is extremely important that the area has completely dried out before applying paint or any other material. When you paint wet concrete, you run the risk of having a reaction between the two compounds and ruining both surfaces permanently. Make sure the concrete has dried for at least 8 hours after etching in order to ensure proper adhesion before applying new materials and products over top. Concreting can be a lucrative profession. Take a look at the Australian Government's Job Outlook website for more information.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Do I need to seal my concrete after etching? ","text":"If your goal was just to etch with no additional application of traction or anti-skid coatings then yes! You will definitely want to apply a sealer on top of your newly etched surface. Just like anything else, water can cause damage when left unattended to. 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