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","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Factors leading to blistering paint ","text":"A number of factors that could cause paint blistering are listed below.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h3","heading":"Condition or age of the paint","text":"Older paints tend not to do this as much. \r\rOther factors include extreme temperatures during transit, storage humidity changes, poor application technique (i.e., using too thick a coat), chemical incompatibility between the paint and the surface being painted and finally, the interaction between several different types of chemicals used in the same area.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h3","heading":"Temperature swings","text":"Paint bubbling happens most often when temperature swings within a short time span cause rapid humidity changes. If the paint container is removed from a cold area and placed in a warm damp area but not left there long enough to dry completely, this can make paint bubbles occur.\r\rYou may notice some other symptoms along with blistering: the new paint appears milky, has an oily texture, and/or doesn't respond well to cleaning methods or stripping. When you try to clean it up, it smudges around and maybe leaves a dull spot here and there even after multiple applications of chemical stripper.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h3","heading":"Improper application of latex-based paints","text":"Blistering can also happen within 24 hours if latex-based paints are applied too thickly over oil-based paints (even epoxies), or simultaneously layered on top of each other. This results from the latex paint drying too quickly before the surface it's on has completely dried, causing a chemical reaction between two or more different paints. If you tried to do this intentionally as a technique, I guess it might be interesting, but the resulting effect would not be as pretty as oil-based paints can produce when mixed with water and blended in one layer.\r\rBlistering may also indicate that there was something wrong with your paint mix if you were to make your own from scratch. Adding too much water to the powder, for example, or using powders that have been sitting around too long without being replaced would cause problems like this. So if you've ever experienced blistering in latex-based paints (especially over oil-based ones), then you have a good chance of being able to reproduce the effect on purpose. A professional might not have to deal with this issue if they were painting the interior of your house.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What causes paint to blister? ","text":"What are the most common causes of paint blistering? Blistering happens when a top surface of paint film dries too quickly. If you've ever seen water drop on a piece of paper that's up against a window, then evaporate almost immediately once it hits the paper, what you're seeing is similar to blistered paint.\r\rThe surface of the paint is actually drying faster than the underlying surface causing air bubbles to get trapped inside and push up from beneath until they get broken open at the surface, which causes the paint to bubble, creating blemishes or ripples in your coat of paint. If there are temperature changes, this can cause more rapid evaporation from the exterior paint towards the interior. It becomes slower and stagnant resulting in a reduced drying time on some parts while others are not dry completely.\r\rIf you have paint with a lot of additives to keep it from drying rapidly, the outermost layer of paint dries in a way that creates air bubbles which in turn lead to blistering. You can identify this by looking for other symptoms in your paint, such as oily texture and dullness, after trying out some cleaning techniques on them without any success.\r\rOther causes of paint bubbling include improper surface preparation like painting on a dirty or hot surface/wall. Paint bubbles also occur when painting a surface with high humidity or excessive moisture. Also, improperly applying oil-based (alkyd paint) after applying water-based paints will cause bubbling paint, for instance, using a latex primer to prepare a surface to be painted with oil-based paint.\r\rThere is no easy answer when it comes to why paint blisters because there are many different factors that contribute to it happening or not happening at all, even if you were to be using the same brand of paint. ","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Why is my paint bubbling and how do I fix it? ","text":"Different paints have different ingredients, which can cause them to 'bubble' when they cure. The main ingredient in most primers and paints is resin, which comes from sap extracted from pine and fir trees or petroleum products such as crude oil and coal tar. The resin creates a chemical reaction with oxygen in the air when it dries after being mixed with solvents such as mineral spirits, hexane, xylene, or ethanol. This chemical reaction is called an oxidation reaction. When these two chemicals clash together during this process, heat is released, which may cause bubbles to form in your dried paint.\r\rMany of the solvents used to thin and dilute paint are themselves organic compounds that can cause blistering in paints mixed with them when they evaporate from the surface at a faster rate than the rest of the painting sitting below, creating a chemical reaction that causes bubbles in paints. It's best to wait between coats of paint as well. ","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Is there any paint that won't bubble? ","text":"The only way to guarantee that your paint will not bubble is to use water-soluble paints. These are usually used for surface decoration rather than protection. However, if the original purpose of your paint is to protect an object, stick with latex or oil paints - because they won't blister no matter what you do.\r\rIt's normal for latex-based paint to start paint bubbling after 24 hours. It takes longer for acrylics, oil paints and enamel paints. If it's drying too quickly, you can add Floetrol to slow down the evaporation process. This isn't perfect, though, since it slows down all coats of paint, even ones that don't dry as quickly, so it's best used on topcoats over lower coats that don't get direct sunlight after it's been painted on the object you're painting.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"How to fix paint blisters? ","text":"The best way to remove bubbling paint is to sand it out with fine-grit sandpaper until smooth, then recoat patched areas with a fresh paint job. This may seem counterintuitive since you'd think that removing the blister would mean there's nothing pushing up from beneath, but in fact, you want to keep it even if it means scraping down into the old paint layer to make sure the new coats are flat over all of it.\r\rIf your blistering is minor and doesn't cover much surface area, you can try using a hairdryer or heat gun to heat the air trapped beneath instead of sanding off all your hard work. Just set the heat on the lowest setting and hold it about an inch over the surface of your paint. If you're using a hairdryer, hold it in one spot until the blister pops, then move to another area. When using a heat gun, move it constantly, or you'll burn your paint.\r\rSome paint blisters may require a more elaborate paint job to fix. Ensure you wear the correct personal safety gear like dust masks and protective gloves for such paint jobs. Make sure nay paint you use doesn't contain any traces of lead. For more information, take a look at the this Australian Government guide to dealing with lead in paint.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Bullets","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Tips to prevent paint blisters ","text":null,"bulletData":[{"bullet":"Check the paint's label for words like quick-drying."},{"bullet":"Use Floetrol or another latex additive to keep the paint moist longer, but be careful because it will affect finish and adhesion if you add too much."},{"bullet":"Slow down the drying process and time by covering your painting with a damp towel overnight while it's in an area that doesn't get direct sunlight. Only do this once before re-coating since doing it more often can cause puddling or unevenness in your paint coat(s)."},{"bullet":"Apply several thin coats of paint instead of one thick layer to slow down drying time even more. This is especially helpful when dealing with hot climates since heat speeds up evaporation."},{"bullet":"Wait for at least three days before applying a topcoat. Don't sand the blister since that will just cause it to pop - scrape off the blistered part with a putty knife or razor blade instead. Clean your painting surface thoroughly before re-coating, especially if you used oil paint."},{"bullet":"Be careful when applying primer and sanding surfaces before painting since this can also cause bubbles in latex paint coats."},{"bullet":"When caulking has been applied, joints can cause paint blistering. Repair loose caulking, which may cause blisters or bubbles."},{"bullet":"Choose the right nap length for your paint job for the right surface. A short nap roller cover is best for very smooth surfaces. A medium nap roller cover works best for surfaces with medium roughness. A long nap roller cover is suited for very rough surfaces. 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is grievous bodily harm?","articleBlurb":"A grievous bodily harm charge can carry with it a sentence of up to 14 years in jail.","articleId":"4DEE31FE-C945-8C4F-8266-09FD328A78CC","primaryCategoryId":"530","isQuotableCategory":false,"primaryCategoryName":"Solicitors & Lawyers","featureImageUrl":"https://www.localsearch.com.au/resources/articles/lawyers/books-with-gavel.jpg","urlSlug":"/guides/solicitors-lawyers/what-is-grievous-bodily-harm","sectionArray":[{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"","text":"Causing grievous bodily harm (also known as GBH) is a criminal offence and an unlawful act mentioned in the Criminal law Code’s Section 320 of Australia.\r\rIt is a serious charge which, in a more legal sense, is a result of injuries that cause:","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Bullets","headingTag":"h2","heading":"","text":null,"bulletData":[{"bullet":"Loss of an organ or a vital body part."},{"bullet":"Crucial disfigurement."},{"bullet":"Any life-risking injury to the body that can cause death if not treated."},{"bullet":"Causes that are likely to cause permanent injury to the body."}],"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Potential causes and consequences","text":"Many cases relating to grievous bodily harm arise from verbal and or physical violence. GBH is a broad concept and includes the condition of treatment that is or could have been available at the time of injury. \r\rThe prosecutor is not obliged to prove whether or not one intended to constitute grievous bodily harm to another person. A person can be guilty of grievous bodily harm irrespective of one's intentions. The idea of consent is deemed unnecessary as a person cannot possibly, consent to be harmed or injured in any way.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Can you be jailed for grievous bodily harm?","text":"If found guilty of grievous bodily harm charges a sentence of 14 years of imprisonment can be given. When the legislation is setting out the penalties in each case, the court considers the below.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Bullets","headingTag":"h2","heading":"","text":null,"bulletData":[{"bullet":"Personal situation."},{"bullet":"Nature of the offence."},{"bullet":"Criminal history."}],"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Grounds for imprisonment","text":"The level of wounding and intent are two crucial factors in determining the severity of the charges.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"How long can you be jailed for grievous bodily harm?","text":"Intentional grievous bodily harm to someone is a serious crime. The maximum amount of years that one can be sentenced to is 25 years of imprisonment. \r\rAccording to some statistics, common penalties or sentences for grievous bodily harm in Australia are:\r\rImprisonment: 88%\rAverage term: 36 months of imprisonment with 18 months non-parole.\rReckless wounding offences: 55% imprisonment, 29.8% suspended sentences.\rMedian term: 30 months of imprisonment with 18 months non-parole.\r","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"","text":"If pleading not guilty, the person has to prove attacking the other person in self-defence and had no intention to harm. If found not guilty, they are free of all charges.\r\rCharges faced if pleaded guilty include:","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Bullets","headingTag":"h2","heading":"","text":null,"bulletData":[{"bullet":"Grievous Bodily Harm in company: Maximum penalties include 14 years of imprisonment, five years non-parole."},{"bullet":"Grievous Bodily Harm: 10 years of imprisonment, four years of non-parole."},{"bullet":"Wounding in company: 10 years of imprisonment, four years of non-parole."},{"bullet":"Wounding: 7 years of imprisonment, three years of non-parole."}],"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Which court will hear a grievous bodily harm matter?","text":"Local courts cannot deal with GBH cases - usually the Supreme Court. Various defence types are available under different circumstances. The court might consider the following assault charges (distributed in different categories).","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Bullets","headingTag":"h3","heading":"Defences of consent","text":null,"bulletData":[{"bullet":"Any assault, light damage, or injury to the body is not considered as an assault, as long as consented."},{"bullet":"If the degree of the damage is nominal."}],"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Bullets","headingTag":"h3","heading":"Chastisement defences","text":null,"bulletData":[{"bullet":"Assault included in the Section 61AA in Crimes Act 1900, year 2000."},{"bullet":"Any moderate and or reasonable physical force in the course of child discipline."},{"bullet":"A reasonable amount of force used, an assault that lasted for a short time, and no harm to the neck or head."}],"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Bullets","headingTag":"h3","heading":"Self defence","text":null,"bulletData":[{"bullet":"If an individual defended themselves when faced with any sort of danger."},{"bullet":"If an individual assumed it was mandatory to retaliate to prevent grievous damage to their body, property or another's, important to protect their liberty. "},{"bullet":"Assaults included in the Crimes Act 1900, section 418."}],"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Bullets","headingTag":"h3","heading":"Influence of toxic substances ","text":null,"bulletData":[{"bullet":"Offences under the influence of intoxication, causing grievous harm with intent."},{"bullet":"The level of intoxication is considered to determine if they were capable of forming a decision regarding the outcome."}],"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What is the difference between assault and grievous bodily harm?","text":"The differences between an assault and grievous bodily harm are outlined below.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Bullets","headingTag":"h3","heading":"Common assault","text":null,"bulletData":[{"bullet":"Those offence mentioned in the Crimes Act 1900, section 61."},{"bullet":"Usually heard in the local or district court."},{"bullet":"Maximum penalty of 2 years of imprisonment; fine of $2,200."},{"bullet":"Offences involved are kicking, spitting, punching, threatening or hitting."}],"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"","text":"It is the least serious offence or damage resulting in no bodily pain, damage, harm or injury to a person. If charged with an assault, the concerned person has present in court with the chances of imprisonment and or fine.\r\rIt may attract a criminal record, but an experienced criminal law lawyer can try to get a No-Conviction Conditional Release Order under section 10.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h3","heading":"Grievous bodily harm ","text":"This is a very serious offence if committed with intent and not for self-defence. It involves using weapons, mostly causing grievous injury, damage, pain or harm to another person. It Includes not just intentional or self-defence acts but also recklessness acts as well. \r\rGrievous bodily harm is considered an offence much similar to an attempted murder. A convicted individual will face a maximum penalty of 25 years of jail time. A standard time frame for non-parole is applicable.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Bullets","headingTag":"h2","heading":"","text":null,"bulletData":[{"bullet":"Offence included in the Crimes Act 1900, sections 33 - 54."},{"bullet":"Heard in the district or Supreme Court."}],"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null}]}}],"categories":null},"localsearchCMSArticles({\"categoryName\":\"solicitors-lawyers\",\"size\":5})":{"__typename":"ArticleConnection","results":[{"__typename":"ArticleEdge","article":{"__typename":"Article","articleId":"C51ACA8D-41D0-594D-B418-2F4D3E19EFF5","articleTitle":"How Much Does a Divorce Lawyer Cost in 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Does DFI Module Stand For in a Car?","articleBlurb":"The DFI (Direct Fire Ignition) module is a device that works with your car's computer system.","articleId":"DE158F41-A51C-9749-B9C5-E4350085F03C","primaryCategoryId":"365","isQuotableCategory":true,"primaryCategoryName":"Mechanics","featureImageUrl":"https://www.localsearch.com.au/resources/articles/mechanics/test-computer-on-car.jpg","urlSlug":"/guides/mechanics/what-does-dfi-module-stand-for-in-a-car","sectionArray":[{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"","text":"It serves as a central hub for all sensors and actuators on the engine. It processes this data and combines it with other parameters such as RPM, throttle position, oil temperature, etc. The direct fire ignition (DFI) module calculates the optimal amount of fuel to be injected into the engine.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"How does DFI work?","text":"The DFI module takes measured or calculated data, including engine speed (RPM), throttle position, the temperature of the coolant and intake air, and atmospheric pressure. The processing unit of the module then calculates the optimal amount of fuel to be injected into the engine per cycle based on this information. \r\rThe oxygen content of the exhaust gas also plays a role in this calculation as well as airflow. In theory, perfect combustion is achieved by injecting just the right amount of fuel into the engine at precisely the right time, resulting in reduced emissions and optimal engine performance.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What are sensors?","text":"Sensors are input components that measure real-time information about an aspect of a system or its environment and then send that data to a computer for processing or to another component within the same device if it was manufactured with multiple parts. A sensor can be anything from a thermometer to a motion detector. These devices convert real-world phenomena, such as motion, sound, temperature, into an electrical signal, which can be read by other components within your system. The resulting output can be used to trigger an event or simply as feedback to determine if the system is working correctly at any given moment. \r\rMisfiring and stalling due to the failure of the DFI module sensor is a common problem with the Holden Commodore and the Toyota Lexcen specially designed for Australia. If your Holden Commodore is in the VN-VP-VR-VS-VT-VX-VY category or VG-VU UTE series, you can anticipate a misfiring problem or stalling due to faulty coil packs or a DFI module that has reached the end of its useful life.\r\rIf your car is cranking and won's start during ignition, be sure that the plugs, the coil pack, and all wires are in good working condition. Replace worn spark plugs, coils, or broken wires.\r\rIf the spark plugs and the ignition coil, other coils are fine and wires are not broken, yet the car won't fire, you can proceed to troubleshoot other sensors, including the direct fire ignition module. \r\rMore recent cars have a Mass Air Flow Sensor (MAF Sensor), which calculates the air/fuel ratio at different throttle levels. If the MAF sensor is damaged, the engine will only crank but won't start. Any broken or damaged sensor should be replaced. ","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Is DFI just a computer?","text":"A DFI module is indeed a computer. It is an electronic device containing multiple microprocessors (CPUs), memory modules, input/output devices, and various other components used to process data. A DFI module is more powerful than a standard computer. Each engine cylinder contains a central processing unit, dedicated memory modules, and more capable input/output devices.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What can I do with DFI?","text":"A DFI module allows you to adjust critical parameters that affect your vehicle's performance, such as ignition timing, air-fuel ratio, etc. In most cases, only an authorised service centre or mechanic would have these tools. But with the right hardware wiring and knowledge about how to use this device, you could get access to more features on your car so long as these are supported by the ECU software. ","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What is the ECU?","text":"The ECU (or engine control unit) is an integral part of the DFI module. It serves as a bridge between the various sensors, actuators, and other components of the engine. It reads data from each sensor so it can adjust things such as fuel injection timing when needed. In addition, by communicating with other devices in your system, the ECU could disable faulty or problematic parts if necessary to prevent damage to your vehicle.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"Do all cars have DFI?","text":"No, not all cars need a DFI module. The DFI module is a standard component in the 1996 Holden Commodore or its twin model, the Toyota Lexcen. In the Commodores, you will find it below the coil packs and the spark plugs housing. \r\rMany modern vehicles have so-called dual or multi-point fuel injection systems in which the ECU controls both the primary and secondary injectors. A standalone or stand-alone DFI module is needed when there are two separate fuel injectors, i.e., injectors that receive their commands directly from the ECU without any input from other sources such as throttle position.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What types of DFI are available?","text":"The main difference between oil cooler type and water-cooled type modules is how they are cooled. Both devices do basically the same job of monitoring several engine parameters to produce accurate output. Oil cooler units tend to be physically larger than water-cooled units, but this isn't always an accurate way to differentiate them since many oil cooler modules are actually water-cooled and vice versa. The type of engine you have, a V6 or a V8, is a good indicator of which one would be the best choice for your vehicle.\r\rThe DFI module will also depend on the series of your Holden Commodore. The Commodore available in Australia is in various series (VN-VP-VR-VS-VT-VX-VY or VG-VU UTE series). Confirm your series before you shop for a replacement. If unsure, consult a mechanic.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What do I need to buy?","text":"You would need both an ECU and DFI module. The latter is usually sold separately from the former, so make sure they match or at least use the same software version (some cars such as Hondas will only accept their own brand). \r\rRemember that certain car manufacturers may not offer these parts separately, so check with local service centres first before looking online. You also have the option of buying a pre-assembled device instead of trying to piece together components yourself. This can be rather expensive. You would also need to get the necessary hardware, wiring, and software to support this device.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What is the cost of DFI?","text":"The average price in Australia for a new Direct Fire Ignition module can range from $500 to $1500, while old second-hand modules are usually available at around $250 to $400. Most are supported with an OEM warranty.\r\rYou can also buy some aftermarket components on the internet. However, these may or may not be supported by your car's ECU. Check with your mechanic or an authorised service centre first before buying one. The more expensive aftermarket parts tend to have more features than OEM ones though they aren't necessarily better in terms of quality. It is strongly recommended to consult before choosing between an oil or water cooler type. If you choose an oil cooler type and your car has a water cooler type, you will need a new radiator as well since it requires its own cooling system for the oil.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What are the advantages of DFI?","text":"Makers of stand-alone DFI modules say that they offer more accurate data representation over a wider range as compared to the original ECU since their sensors are placed in closer physical proximity to them. This allows you to have more control over your vehicle's performance and even have access to some exclusive features that were only previously available for factory or authorised service centre use. \r\rMany users claim that these products also improve fuel economy, prolong engine life by providing better ignition timing and increase horsepower when properly calibrated. Because there is no direct connection between the ECU and injectors, there won't be any conflict when switching between different fuels, including LPG, as is common with multi-point fuel injection systems.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What are the disadvantages of DFI?","text":"The biggest disadvantage is the price, especially if you need to replace a defective module. The stand-alone parts can also make future repairs difficult or expensive if their software cannot be re-flashed. In some cases, reflashing may also require specific hardware and an external computer instead of a laptop since they tend not to have enough processing power for this task. \r\rThe reviews by Commodore users of the VN-VP-VR-VS-VT-VX-VY or VG-VU UTE and other related series show that this model can fail to fire or stall abruptly without warning or popping out a unit error code.\r\rIf you're planning to use your vehicle at the track or for racing purposes, these modules will not be as effective as those used by professional drivers using faster vehicles that go beyond 200 km/h. ","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What does reflashing a DFI mean?","text":"You would need to flash the DFI module with a new software version if it fails to function properly or not at all. Manufacturers of stand-alone modules usually do flash programming services after you send them the defective unit for analysis and diagnosis. Most brands offer this service free of charge though turnaround time can vary depending on their current workload, so give them at least 2 weeks before contacting them again. \r\rMany users also prefer to fix their own units by reflashing them themselves using an external computer, laptop, and some free software that can usually be found online. A few hours should be enough for most people even if they have no experience in these types of repairs since it doesn't require any soldering, and pretty much anyone can handle this if they follow the instructions carefully. Issue with your car? Take a look at the Australian Government's Competition and Consumer Commission website for any safety recalls.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null}]}}],"categories":null},"localsearchCMSArticles({\"categoryName\":\"mechanics\",\"size\":5})":{"__typename":"ArticleConnection","results":[{"__typename":"ArticleEdge","article":{"__typename":"Article","articleId":"251C7AF1-D6F0-CF4F-8A97-3405C38B92C5","articleTitle":"Pink Slip Cost in New South Wales ","urlSlug":"/guides/mechanics/pink-slip-cost-in-new-south-wales","featureImageUrl":"https://www.localsearch.com.au/resources/articles/mechanics/mechanic-and-customer-under-hood.jpg","wordCount":856}},{"__typename":"ArticleEdge","article":{"__typename":"Article","articleId":"E99FC9B4-9517-464C-9766-67A44DC9B16C","articleTitle":"How Often to Change Fuel Filter?","urlSlug":"/guides/mechanics/how-often-to-change-fuel-filter","featureImageUrl":"https://www.localsearch.com.au/resources/images/mechanics/close-hand-woman-check-oil-level.jpg","wordCount":603}},{"__typename":"ArticleEdge","article":{"__typename":"Article","articleId":"9FF554F4-0746-5345-8AA0-C0B646B1234E","articleTitle":"What Car Battery Do I Need?","urlSlug":"/guides/mechanics/what-car-battery-do-i-need","featureImageUrl":"https://www.localsearch.com.au/resources/articles/mechanics/car-battery-on-shelf.jpg","wordCount":881}},{"__typename":"ArticleEdge","article":{"__typename":"Article","articleId":"11E5C326-87EA-9D44-AF52-C1559DD78FF5","articleTitle":"Lost Your Car Keys?","urlSlug":"/guides/mechanics/lost-your-car-keys","featureImageUrl":"https://www.localsearch.com.au/resources/articles/mechanics/lost-car-keys.jpg","wordCount":1246}},{"__typename":"ArticleEdge","article":{"__typename":"Article","articleId":"8D00CFBD-2DA4-004B-8E23-70711E72A437","articleTitle":"LPG Tank Testing Cost in Australia","urlSlug":"/guides/mechanics/lpg-tank-testing-cost-in-australia","featureImageUrl":"https://www.localsearch.com.au/resources/articles/mechanics/smiling-mechanic-working-under-hood.jpg","wordCount":974}}],"categories":null},"reviewAssets({\"first\":50,\"listingId\":\"6430652\",\"reviewState\":\"approved\"})":{"__typename":"ReviewAssetConnection","edges":[]},"reviewAssets({\"first\":50,\"listingId\":\"9937002\",\"reviewState\":\"approved\"})":{"__typename":"ReviewAssetConnection","edges":[]},"reviewAssets({\"first\":50,\"listingId\":\"7210150\",\"reviewState\":\"approved\"})":{"__typename":"ReviewAssetConnection","edges":[]},"reviewAssets({\"first\":50,\"listingId\":\"7554383\",\"reviewState\":\"approved\"})":{"__typename":"ReviewAssetConnection","edges":[]},"reviewAssets({\"first\":50,\"listingId\":\"6596670\",\"reviewState\":\"approved\"})":{"__typename":"ReviewAssetConnection","edges":[]},"localsearchCMSArticle({\"articleTitle\":\"garage-door-spring-replacement\",\"categoryName\":\"garage-doors\",\"size\":1})":{"__typename":"ArticleConnection","results":[{"__typename":"ArticleEdge","article":{"__typename":"Article","articleTitle":"Garage Door Spring Replacement ","articleBlurb":"Replacing the springs on your garage door is not a very complicated job after all.","articleId":"0C2E54AD-4A85-7B41-8B3C-B33380BC8C2D","primaryCategoryId":"226","isQuotableCategory":true,"primaryCategoryName":"Garage Doors","featureImageUrl":"https://www.localsearch.com.au/resources/articles/garage-doors/garage-door-spring-fix.jpg","urlSlug":"/guides/garage-doors/garage-door-spring-replacement","sectionArray":[{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"","text":"Manufacturers use these springs on almost all openers today. You have probably seen one of them hanging around your garage already. They are really cheap to buy so replacing an old spring with a new one is actually quite easy and straight forward since you won't need any special tools or equipment to do this job right.\r\rGarage door repairs can also be made if the garage door motor stops working the roller door. If your garage door springs break roller doors or you have broken garage door springs, replacing it would be the best to avoid serious injury.\r\rRegular maintenance for tilt door springs and sectional door springs can help the bottom corners from further damage if they happen to break or fall on opening. \r\rTo begin with, open up the cover that protects the inner workings of your opener by simply pulling it off or unscrewing 2-4 screws holding it in place if there are no visible hinges involved. The type of garage door opener you have will determine how easy this part will be for you.\r\rAs soon as the cover is removed, you should see the broken spring hanging in place or lying on top of the drum. If it's still attached to the door itself, use your screwdriver to push down one end of both wire clips so they are no longer locked in their track holes.\r\rThe old spring wire should slide right off at this point or when pushed with a pair of needle-nose pliers. The replacement process is basically the same for both situations. Just unwind the spring on the new one, lock it in place with the wire clip and wind it up just like its predecessor. On some openers, you need to remove a small metal strap wrapped around both springs that keep them together before winding them up all over again. ","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"How much does it cost to replace the spring on garage door? ","text":"It costs about $35 to $60 to replace the spring on a typical garage door. You will get the best price if you buy everything needed for the repair from a local hardware store. Materials include two springs, one to replace the broken one and another spare just in case something happens, later on, 2 wire clips that lock them into place, a new metal strap that keeps both of these things together and screws for mounting all of them on the door. ","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What kind of garage door springs do I need?","text":"Replacing the springs on your garage door is not that complicated of a job. You will need to pick up some spare ones for this price range but these are actually easy to find online. The only real issue you might face will be choosing between extension and torsion springs, which one you need for your particular door model. ","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What are extensions springs on a garage door? ","text":"Extensions springs are there to replace broken or worn-out coil springs and in some cases do the job better than the original ones. Both of them go all around your drums and they're very heavy duty in most cases.\r\rA standard garage door opener can't lift more than 100 lbs with a pair of these on each side so when you start approaching 200 or 300 lbs, you will either need two separate openers for this job or extensions springs on both sides of your door.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What are torsion springs on a garage door?","text":"Torsion springs are there to lift the door itself and they work in a completely different way than extension or coil springs. This is why you will need an entirely different opener unit for this type of installation.\r\rTorsion springs come either wound up all the way or in some cases, pre-wound so it's pretty much ready to use right out of the box. These setups are the best choice if your garage door is extremely heavy since these can support weights over a hundred kilos.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"How do I know which spring I need? ","text":"If your garage door weighs less than 70kgs, you're most likely dealing with standard weight extension springs on both sides so replacing them should be easy enough. 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It's the easiest part of the replacement from the entire system.\r\rAll you need to do is examine them closely and figure out which one snapped so next time your opener starts screeching, you will know what needs fixing immediately. If you are renting in New South Wales, the upkeep may not be your sole responsibility. Check with your local regulations.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"How long does it take to fix a garage door spring?","text":"It depends on the type of spring to be replaced. If it's torsion spring, this job will likely take a few hours since they're not easy to install and you have to do everything by yourself without any help from another person.\r\rOn the other hand, if it's an extension or coil spring that needs replacement, this can be done in about 20 minutes or so. You don't actually have to remove anything from the door itself so once you figure out where these are located, changing them should be pretty simple even for a complete amateur who had no previous experience with garage door repair.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"How do I know what size springs my garage door needs? ","text":"Exact measurements are not always necessary but you should be well aware of what your door weight limit is before choosing replacement ones so don't underestimate this particular step since bigger isn't always better!\r\rYou can find these dimensions listed on any manual you have for your garage door opener or by looking at the specifications section on our website and we recommend taking down those numbers and checking them with the new ones before placing an order online.\r\rOverweight garage doors can become a serious safety hazard and besides, they won't last as long as they should if you keep on using coils or torsion springs on them all the time.","bulletData":null,"numberedListData":null,"columnData":null,"imageCaption_1":null,"imageCaption_2":null,"imageURL_1":null,"imageURL_2":null,"numberOfImages":null,"numberOfColumns":null},{"__typename":"SectionData","type":"Text","headingTag":"h2","heading":"What tools do I need to replace the garage door springs?","text":"Replacing garage door springs does not require any special tools and in most cases, standard ones will get the job done. 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They provided an excellent service and the finished product was better than we could have imagined."}},"ReviewAsset:ckvob616s000808l63zra1ff6":{"id":"ckvob616s000808l63zra1ff6","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckvob615q000608l65sdf7u1b","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckvob5fep000208l9183b5ap9/ckvob5feq000308l90hb70jrd","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Amanda Hewett","message":"Paul went above and beyond in every aspect of our floor sanding. He was approachable and reliable and his communication was excellent. Our floors are just perfect. We are so happy with them. His attention to detail and quality shines through in his work and we would have no hesitation is recommending him to anyone."}},"ReviewAsset:ckvob616d000708l64p8oeecj":{"id":"ckvob616d000708l64p8oeecj","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckvob615q000608l65sdf7u1b","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckvob5dsm000008l9fhb7a6te/ckvob5dsn000108l9ec4vdjnu","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Amanda Hewett","message":"Paul went above and beyond in every aspect of our floor sanding. He was approachable and reliable and his communication was excellent. Our floors are just perfect. We are so happy with them. His attention to detail and quality shines through in his work and we would have no hesitation is recommending him to anyone."}},"ReviewAsset:cl3lfpuki000809le3eztfat4":{"id":"cl3lfpuki000809le3eztfat4","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"cl3lfpujd000609lef3at6enj","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/cl3lfoq1v000209mp0kogc5pa/cl3lfoq1v000309mp48p43nc2","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Grace Hughes ","message":"My new floors look great. Floorworld Canberra did a beautiful job with my new Parquetry floors. Kyle the manager assisted me and my husband from start to finish. Very professional service"}},"ReviewAsset:cl3lfpujx000709lebpkv5i0w":{"id":"cl3lfpujx000709lebpkv5i0w","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"cl3lfpujd000609lef3at6enj","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/cl3lfopih000009mp3o5x9x88/cl3lfopih000109mp2quz905j","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Grace Hughes ","message":"My new floors look great. Floorworld Canberra did a beautiful job with my new Parquetry floors. Kyle the manager assisted me and my husband from start to finish. Very professional service"}},"ReviewAsset:ckfs0twl3000707mf4mdzbzgj":{"id":"ckfs0twl3000707mf4mdzbzgj","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckfs0twii000507mf3wvr1ec2","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckfs0r3sx000008l41b399sv3/ckfs0r3sy000108l431675q71","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Patricia McLeod","message":"Jirgens Civil have just completed a two coat bitumen application on our driveway. The cost was competitive, the workmen were always on time, communication was excellent and we are delighted with the result. Would recommend without hesitation. "}},"ReviewAsset:ckr0httcs000508jo3v4w0v92":{"id":"ckr0httcs000508jo3v4w0v92","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckr0httb6000308jogt1l6j8p","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckr0hm6xw000008juceefe6ye/ckr0hm6xw000108ju7y942ttq","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":1,"displayName":"Steve ","message":"As I work for Education Queensland and we are building a number of new schools on the Sunshine Coast, I was very frustrated and dissatisfied with the lack of basic service when it came to choosing coloured concrete and aggregate blends. I checked Mansell’s Caloundra website and called the number listed and got the Mackay plant only 10 hrs drive away. I asked if he could email me one through however, this was not possible as Mansell’s don’t have a digital copy of their colours. I rang through to Kunda Park batch plan and the manager said pop on in and grab a colour chart and assure me he would be there until 5pm. So I drove from site at Beerwah 45 mins to the plant only to find that the batch plant managers had both left work early. I then tried the Mansell’s head office surely a multi million dollar business would have colour chart brochures available. No! The plant manager finally called me back only to say he wasn’t on site and suggested I take photos of their front wall.What a joke"}},"ReviewAsset:cl38bq14o000409mn6qrm5t1f":{"id":"cl38bq14o000409mn6qrm5t1f","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"cl38bq13k000309mn99jd4mig","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/cl38bouxj000809l6aid1a1js/cl38bouxj000909l6d7steg45","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Lorraine ","message":"Had my lip line and blend today with Alicia and I’m over the moon. Very professional, friendly and explained the procedure, aftercare very well. I would definitely recommend her to anyone thinking of having their lips done. No pain either so that’s a definite plus for me 👍😄"}},"ReviewAsset:ckt9bo356000509mhbh8s5120":{"id":"ckt9bo356000509mhbh8s5120","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckt9bo32j000309mhbk7ugdj8","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckt9bndcw000208mn8cu8bhul/ckt9bndcw000308mn1sd735rx","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Kat Weismann","message":"Efficient friendly staff. Advised what would be suited to my needs. \nDropped off and a all gift was presented to me. The gloves were so useful .. Thankyou.."}},"ReviewAsset:ckszbcb2j000508l3g16jfr6c":{"id":"ckszbcb2j000508l3g16jfr6c","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckszbcb0q000308l34tdi8mgl","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckszbc5ur001e08jwailue1if/ckszbc5ur001f08jw87u1bdj1","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":4,"displayName":"Stuart Anderson","message":"Soil delivery was no fuss and at a realistic price. Will use them again in the future."}},"ReviewAsset:cksodb33x000909kwftp2bfxs":{"id":"cksodb33x000909kwftp2bfxs","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"cksodb31s000309kw2x0i6zhq","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/cksodaka8001c08mn3tnlhezn/cksodaka8001d08mne7l24sgy","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Robert Spiteri","message":"I have been dealing with Steve and his team for 7 years, absolute Gentleman, quality products and generous quantity, I have been in the landscape business for over 30 years, and wouldn’t deal anywhere else"}},"ReviewAsset:cksodb33v000709kw5f8cd80k":{"id":"cksodb33v000709kw5f8cd80k","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"cksodb31s000309kw2x0i6zhq","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/cksodaimx001a08mn0shi5p2z/cksodaimx001b08mn2bf69yqa","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Robert Spiteri","message":"I have been dealing with Steve and his team for 7 years, absolute Gentleman, quality products and generous quantity, I have been in the landscape business for over 30 years, and wouldn’t deal anywhere else"}},"ReviewAsset:cksodb33p000509kwa3iz0lvg":{"id":"cksodb33p000509kwa3iz0lvg","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"cksodb31s000309kw2x0i6zhq","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/cksodafzm001808mnay4zaeto/cksodafzm001908mn3uvrenkk","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Robert Spiteri","message":"I have been dealing with Steve and his team for 7 years, absolute Gentleman, quality products and generous quantity, I have been in the landscape business for over 30 years, and wouldn’t deal anywhere else"}},"ReviewAsset:ckocqz9d6000508mphytq8mxb":{"id":"ckocqz9d6000508mphytq8mxb","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckocqz9an000308mpa3c72z02","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckocqxpl2000408mn3q0yfmxj/ckocqxpl2000508mn3mpc3mwi","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Aimee ","message":"My fave boutique in Cairns by far! I love that I can find the perfect outfit for any occasion from a casual Sunday vibe to frocking up for a special occasion. Maria and Ash are always super helpful and have an eye for suggesting clothes and accessories that fit well and feel great! My little\nMini’s even love a visit to Gypsett!"}},"ReviewAsset:cko9jmxjd000508lb644xgv75":{"id":"cko9jmxjd000508lb644xgv75","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"cko9jmxhv000308lb1gxk4otx","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/cko9jl3fw000009l0274ocqt4/cko9jl3fw000109l0aiy1ekgs","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Yolanda Potamianakis ","message":"Just love Gypset. This boutique is amazing. All you can have from beautiful clothes to bags, shoes and jewellery. Especially just love Camilla outfits. Just sent a photo of my latest Camilla dress."}},"ReviewAsset:cktckrqmm000509l4hk583y27":{"id":"cktckrqmm000509l4hk583y27","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"cktckrqko000309l452nbhu5f","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/cktckrcuh000408jqdyacfnd0/cktckrcuh000508jq5grj058p","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Chris ","message":"Wilsons Excavations have completed several projects for me on my cattle property over the past 3 years from dam construction, shed pads for a garage and pump shed as well as full 200 meter driveway of bitumen two coat seal. The design and construct was all executed by Wilsons Excavations. The work completed was impeccable, timely and to an excellent quality. Also the price was better than most other quotes and the outcome was outstanding. I fully recommend Wilsons Excavations."}},"ReviewAsset:cks88y57x000508l4btv245dt":{"id":"cks88y57x000508l4btv245dt","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"cks88y55y000308l48gq795ei","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/cks88xatf000008moc5mk6ob7/cks88xatf000108mo11eydprn","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"TNQ MECHANICAL","message":"BEST FISH & CHIPS EVER"}},"ReviewAsset:ckibpo4cq000507kw0zxiclfj":{"id":"ckibpo4cq000507kw0zxiclfj","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckibpo4bf000307kw0sh71ksh","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckibpmszf000008jr8huiep5c/ckibpmszg000108jr9asogcsq","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Fletcher McKay ","message":"Incredible people, I have been in Katherine working for 3 months and due to covid unable to return to Victoria to see my 7 year old daughter. The staff at Macs Hire went above and beyond to create an embroidered shirt for her. The service and personnel touch is second to none and only found in country towns. Then to my amazement I received a call from Macs Hire to drop in, when I did I was given two embroidered hats to give to my daughter at no charge. Without doubt I would highly recommend Macs Hire for incredible service and country hospitality."}},"ReviewAsset:ckqbnk48d000508lcg9j8eu32":{"id":"ckqbnk48d000508lcg9j8eu32","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckqbnk470000308lchbcrffu9","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckqbniu5o003608l1ata083lc/ckqbniu5o003708l151nd1jov","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Lee Rivergums ","message":"Coffee was absolutely delicious 🤩🤩"}},"ReviewAsset:ckxb6627v000408le7rl66k2u":{"id":"ckxb6627v000408le7rl66k2u","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckxb6625q000308le6nvocqua","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckxb65l54000009mn5grl3e1k/ckxb65l54000109mng7uhhq5e","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Cameron Kelly","message":"From the very start, I could tell I was dealing with the best out there.\nThe sales process was amazing, talked through all options and was able to easily quote after a site inspection on site.\nI had some other quotes at the same time, but they just wanted to sell me cheaper cookie-cutter systems and really didn't explain the process or what would work best for us. Scott from Scott Black Solar however was great and knew what we needed after some discussions about our circumstances. He was able to recommend what we should be looking for and what pitfalls to avoid.\n\nInstallation was made easy by the guy's Dan and Cam I think it was more painful to deal with me but the team really put in the effort, even though like I said it was not a conventional residential setup they worked through it all with ease.\nI've heard some really bad stories out there from people that have had newer solar systems installed. However not here, I highly recommend Scott Black Solar and the team!"}},"ReviewAsset:ckzrpm2yq000409mu5xr2e5y3":{"id":"ckzrpm2yq000409mu5xr2e5y3","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckzrpm2w0000309mucrbqbo9x","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckzrpl7ye001s09mg91ia1pu4/ckzrpl7ye001t09mgcrh6f0rs","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Billy","message":"If you are looking for a good strong and firm massage then John is your man. Great pressure applied throughout including some great leg stretches. I can highly recommend John 👌 for the best massage ever!!"}},"ReviewAsset:ckpg175ik000508ky81c95htk":{"id":"ckpg175ik000508ky81c95htk","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckpg175gu000308ky3qskdo1g","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckpg153ed000008jtcokkecfe/ckpg153ed000108jtg7fs7io4","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Nate Sparkes ","message":"Just had an excellent massage from John this time southern end of the Gold Coast at Coolangatta. I've been massaged by John previously in Brisbane. I can highly recommend this therapist if you are looking for that exceptional massage experience!"}},"ReviewAsset:ckklodjto000507l125qkac8q":{"id":"ckklodjto000507l125qkac8q","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckklodjsc000307l1fwh1g5qn","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckklod58w000407la9reb9q7h/ckklod58w000507la11ssh75p","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Scott ","message":"'John certainly gives one awesome massage. I left feeling very relaxed and recharged. I've been massaged by John both on the coast and in Brisbane. I definitely recommend making an appointment to see him, you won't be disappointed. I'll be going back very soon!'"}},"ReviewAsset:ckjfcrdm4000507mh3nbf7ptn":{"id":"ckjfcrdm4000507mh3nbf7ptn","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckjfcrdkv000307mh3kksaj21","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckjfcqb5c000207jvc42n7hkq/ckjfcqb5c000307jva9p8hika","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Josh Harris","message":"'Outstanding 5 star plus massage! John has a clean private setup and gives the best massage ever. Go John!'"}},"ReviewAsset:cl57boel5000409l40rh707pa":{"id":"cl57boel5000409l40rh707pa","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"cl57boejz000309l432k14qcg","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/cl57bmr94000009i8anadhu3w/cl57bmr94000109i89vqq4y3q","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Thea-Jane Smith","message":"Fantastic results could be happier I miss the herbs when I run can wait to get more acupuncture on my back❤️"}},"ReviewAsset:cl2yjxlds000809mdamp5gua9":{"id":"cl2yjxlds000809mdamp5gua9","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"cl2yjxlcm000609md0btkdj8f","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/cl2yjwyil000809l111x7g245/cl2yjwyil000909l1dek00pek","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Brezely Lighty","message":"Ivan is attentive on details I specifically wanted. He is spot on to every detail I asked for. Given that doing this product is such tedious job he made them beautifully perfect as I was expecting them to be. I’ll definitely recommend his product to my friends and family. Tops 👍🏽"}},"ReviewAsset:cl2yjxlda000709mdho0226po":{"id":"cl2yjxlda000709mdho0226po","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"cl2yjxlcm000609md0btkdj8f","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/cl2yjwu9n000609l132b9gikx/cl2yjwu9n000709l17jf5gw4d","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Brezely Lighty","message":"Ivan is attentive on details I specifically wanted. He is spot on to every detail I asked for. Given that doing this product is such tedious job he made them beautifully perfect as I was expecting them to be. I’ll definitely recommend his product to my friends and family. Tops 👍🏽"}},"ReviewAsset:ckznnxa6j000409l80jtsh4uh":{"id":"ckznnxa6j000409l80jtsh4uh","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckznnxa5d000309l85wpi6ud1","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckznnsiox001209jjaoy6gjmo/ckznnsiox001309jj7f6m6jye","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Yeliz Chausheva ","message":"Thank you “ 3D memories “ for the beautiful artwork , friendly and professional service ❤️\nAbsolute pleasure to work with you 🤗🤗🤗"}},"ReviewAsset:ckkf4umlx000d08lf0mqr1cup":{"id":"ckkf4umlx000d08lf0mqr1cup","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckkf4umkj000908lfemzjb4u1","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckkf4t9ig000407l4ed4v0ev7/ckkf4t9ig000507l4cc6o7om5","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Mark Revere","message":"Sudesh is very Professional in every aspect of his job, has very high standards and is always smiling and as a customer I walk out laughing or smiling. Great choppers Now"}},"ReviewAsset:ckkf4umls000b08lf8a5raer6":{"id":"ckkf4umls000b08lf8a5raer6","__typename":"ReviewAsset","reviewId":"ckkf4umkj000908lfemzjb4u1","url":"https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ls-asset-service/ckkf4or1k000007l4czqid25v/ckkf4or1k000107l41iredh68","review":{"__typename":"Review","rating":5,"displayName":"Mark Revere","message":"Sudesh is very Professional in every aspect of his job, has very high standards and is always smiling and as a customer I walk out laughing or smiling. Great choppers Now"}}}

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